Image processing applications in medical field
IMAGE PROCESSING
TOPIC- IMAGE PROCESSING APPLICATIONS IN MEDICAL FIELD
•INTRODUCTION:
The image processing techniques were founded in the 1960s. Those techniques were used for different fields such as Space, clinical purposes, arts, and TV image improvement. In the 1970s with the development of computer system, the cost of image processing became less and faster. In the 2000s, the image processing became quicker, inexpensive, and simpler.
The digital images play a necessary role on a daily basis. The medical imaging processing refers to handling images by using the computer. This processing includes many types of techniques and operations such as image gaining, storage, presentation, and communication. The image is a function that signifies a measure of characteristics .
Medical imaging is the process of producing visible images of inner structures of the body for scientific and medicinal study and treatment as well as a visible view of the function of interior tissues. This process pursues the disorder identification and management. This process creates data bank of regular structure and function of the organs to make it easy to recognize the anomalies. This process includes both organic and radiological imaging which used electromagnetic energies (X-rays and gamma), sonography, magnetic, scopes, and thermal and isotope imaging. Annually billions of images have been done globally for different diagnostic purposes.
•APPLICATION OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING IN MEDICAL FIELD:
The digital image processing has many applications in the medical field such as:
1.MEDICINE:
In medicine, many techniques are used such as segmentation and texture analysis, which is used for cancer and other disorder identifications. Image registering and fusion methods are widely used nowadays specially in new modalities such as PET-CT and PET-MRI.
2.FORENSICS:
The common techniques used in this field are edge detection, pattern matching, denoising, security, and biometric purposes such as identity, face, and fingerprint documentation.
Forensics is based on the database information about the individuals. Forensics matches the input data (fingerprint, eye, photo, etc.) with the database to define the person identity
3.X- RAY IMGING:
The best known use of X-rays is medical diagnostics, but they also are used extensively in industry and other areas, like astronomy.
X-rays for medical imaging are generated using an X-ray tube, which is a vacuum tube with a cathole and anode.
4.GAMMA RAYS IMAGING:
Major uses of imaging based on gamma rays include nuclear medicine and astronomical observations. In nuclear medicine, the approach is to inject a patient with a radioactive isotope that emits gamma rays as it decays.
Images are produced from the emissions collected by gamma ray detectors.
5.IMAGING IN THE RADIO BAND:
In medicine radio waves are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This technique places a patient in a powerful magnet and passes radio waves through his or her body in short pulses. Each pulse causes a responding pulse of radio waves to be emitted by the patient's tissues.
MRI Image of knee :
•ADVANTAGES:
The digital images have several benefits such as
• faster and cheap processing cost
• easy storing and communication, immediate quality assessment
• fast and cheap reproduction, and adaptable manipulation.
•DISADVANTAGES:
The disadvantages of digital images are-
• exploitation copyright, inability to resize with preserving the quality
• the need of large-capacity memory, and the need of faster processor .
•CONCLUSION:
We can say that image processing is the most important part of medical image processing . The principal key factor of working of these systems is image processing. So it can be concluded that medical image processing has been kay factor in the detection , research and analysis fields in biomedicals
